This Geography thesis explores contemporary migration trends affecting rural areas of French middle mountains such as Diois (Drôme), Morvan (Nièvre) and Séronais (Ariège) regions. It is based on the north American concept of "amenity migration", as a key for a better understanding of the on-going process. The first part (Chapter I, II and III) provides an overview of the mechanism of "rural renaissance" and the development of residential migration in rural areas of the middle mountains. The second part (Chapter IV to VII) is devoted to a qualitative analysis of the actors of these migrations (active, retired, living in social uncertainty and northern European migrants), their motivations and their settlement criteria in middle mountains. Th...